Taylor describes how supply lines, propaganda, and prisons all played pivotal roles in the war’s outcome. Yet, the U.S.’s poorly trained military struggled to occupy even a sliver of Canadian territory. First, The Republican-led American government vied with Britain over who would control Upper Canada. Taylor identifies four components that made the War of 1812 a civil war. Although the War of 1812 resulted in a stalemate from a diplomatic or military perspective, it gave closure to the contested border and resulted in the emergence of the United States and Canada as modern nation-states. Moreover, immigrants from the United States made up the majority of Upper Canada (present-day Ontario). The British asserted that their empire’s subjects remained subjects for life, precisely when a stream of Irish people were migrating to the United States. Before the war, the distinctions between British subjects and American citizens in the region remained uncertain. The War of 1812 was not a war between two nations, but rather a civil war, in which “brother fought brother in a borderland of mixed peoples.” Alan Taylor focuses on the U.S.-Canada borderland, which stretched from Detroit to Montreal.
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